耳鼻喉科

　　从北京协和医院建院伊始，耳鼻咽喉科已独立建科，96年来，北京协和医院耳鼻咽喉科培养了一代又一代耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学人才。我国耳鼻咽喉科学著名的专家如刘瑞华、李宝实、胡懋廉、郎健寰、张庆松、徐荫祥和林必锦等教授都曾先后在我科工作，其中很多专家先后在北京和全国各地建立了耳鼻咽喉学科。北京协和医院耳鼻咽喉科在我国耳鼻咽喉科学的发展史上做出了不可磨灭的贡献。

　　北京协和医学院临床学院耳鼻咽喉科学系现有正式在职职工60人，科主任高志强教授，副主任陈晓巍教授，主任助理杨华教授和吕威教授，科主任秘书冯国栋副教授。共有正教授14人（在职8人，退休6人），副教授13人（在职10人，退休3人），主治医师14人，住院医师4人；在职博士生导师5人、硕士生导师6人。我科现有普通病房病床数46张，特需病房床位10张，分设耳科学组、鼻科学组、咽喉头颈学组。另设有人工耳蜗中心、助听器中心、新生儿听力筛查诊治中心、临床听力学实验室、颞骨颅底显微外科解剖及技术实验室和耳聋基因筛查实验室。

　　耳科学组全面开展了耳显微外科学、耳神经外科学（前庭方面、面神经方面）、侧颅底外科、耳整形和临床听力学等工作，开展了大量镫骨手术、面神经手术、人工耳蜗及各种人工听觉植入术、侧颅底手术、颞骨恶性肿瘤切除术及各种外耳中耳畸形手术，取得了很好的疗效。基础研究方面，在面神经功能检测和客观功能评价、内耳发育、聋病基因、干细胞应用于感音神经性聋的治疗、眩晕等方面开展了深入研究。

　　鼻科学组在嗅觉基础与临床研究方面处于国内领先地位，积极开展了鼻内镜下微创手术和导航下疑难疾病的手术，对特殊鼻-鼻窦疾病及鼻颅沟通肿瘤的治疗积累了丰富经验，鼻科手术器械的研制获得了多项专利。

　　咽喉头颈学组系统性地开展了头颈部恶性肿瘤、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）及咽喉气管食管狭窄的综合治疗。科研领域涉及OSAHS术前评估、嗓音功能评估及头颈肿瘤的分子生物学机制，并率先在国内开展与人乳头瘤病毒相关的头颈部肿瘤的系列基础与临床研究。

　　近年来，耳鼻咽喉科先后承担“九五”、“十五”、“十一五”、“十二五”、“973”、国自然科学基金、北京市自然科学基金等各项基金30余项，发表论文约150篇，其中SCI论文40余篇，申请专利26项，编写出版多部耳鼻喉科专业著作。耳鼻咽喉科历来重视人才队伍培养与教学工作，通过招聘、留校、送出请进培训、合作、客座教授等方式打造一支事业心强、作风正派、相关学科知识结构合理、战斗力强的队伍。教学团队在协和医学院八年制本科生、临床博士后培养、研究生及进修医生教学培训、住院医师规范化培训、全员培训及医学继续教育、专业书籍编著、专业题库建设、国家级继续教育项目实施和院校教学改革和教改科研项目等方面开展了大量工作，成绩显著。2011年，协和医院耳鼻咽喉科被评为国家临床重点专科，已连续4年进入复旦大学医院管理研究所中国医院最佳专科声誉排行榜四强。

　　目前，协和医院耳鼻咽喉科各学科建设齐备、人才梯队完善、专科特色鲜明、技术力量雄厚、疑难病例丰富、医教研及转化医学多足鼎立，并积极参与国内外学术交流，为全国患者提供了高水准的医疗保健服务，并为全国兄弟医院培养和输送了众多人才。

DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngologyhadbeenestablishedfromtheverybeginningofPekingUnionMedicalCollegeHospital(PUMCH).Ninety-sixyearshadpassed,generationsandgenerationsofoutstandingENTdoctorshavebeenraisedinPUMCH.ManyofChina'sfamouspioneeringexpertsofotorhinolaryngologyhadworkedinourdepartment,suchasLiuRuihua,LiBaoshu,HuMaolian,LangJianhuan,ZhangQingsong,XuYinxiangandLinBijin.SomeofthemestablishedtheENTdepartmentsinotherhospitalsacrossthecountry.OurdepartmenthasmadegreatcontributionstootorhinolaryngologyinChina'sdevelopmentalhistory.

OtolaryngologyDepartmenthas60employees,ProfessorGaoZhiqiangisthepresident,andProfessorChenXiaoweiisthevicepresident.Thereare14professors,13associateprofessors,14attendingphysiciansand4residents.Fivedoctorsarequalifiedasdoctoralsupervisorsand6doctorsasmastersupervisors.Ourdepartmenthas46ordinarybedsinthegeneralward,10bedsintheVIPward.Thedepartmentwasfurtherdividedintothreesubspecialties，theeargroup,thenosegroup,andthelaryngopharynx-headandneckgroup.Therearecochlearimplantcenter,hearingaidscenter,neonatalhearingscreeningcenter,clinicalaudiologylaboratory,anatomicallaboratoryanddeafnessgenescreeninglaboratoryinourdepartment.

Theeargrouphascarriedoutawiderangeofotologymicrosurgeries,otoneurologicsurgeries(includingvestibularandfacialnerve),facialnervesurgeries,lateralskullbasesurgeries,otoplasties，andclinicalaudiologyrelatedworks.Thesesurgerieshavebeencarriedoutandachievedverygoodresults,suchasstapessurgeries,facialnervesurgeries,cochlearimplants,malignanttemporalbonetumorsresectionsandsurgeriesofexternalandmiddleeardeformities.Forbasicresearch,manyin-depthresearcheswereperformedinthefieldoffacialnervefunctiontesting,innereardevelopment,deafnessgene,treatmentofsensorineuralhearinglossusingstemcells,anddizziness.

ThebasicandclinicalresearchofolfactoryinnosegrouphasalwaysbeenintheleadingpositionofChina.Minimallyinvasivesurgeriesundernasalendoscopeandsurgeriesofcomplicateddiseasesusingnavigationsystemswerecarriedout.Doctorsinnasalgrouphaveaccumulatedabundantexperiencesabouttreatmentofspecialnose-sinusdiseaseandnasaltumorswithinvasionintobrain.Thevariousnasalsurgicalequipmentstheyinventedobtainedanumberofpatents.

Forthelaryngopharynx-headandneckgroup,thecomprehensivetherapyofmalignanciesinheadandneck,obstructivesleepapneahypopneasyndrome(OSAHS)andstenosisoflarynx,pharynx,esophagusandtracheaweresystematicallydeveloped.ThefieldofresearchinvolvespreoperativeassessmentofOSAHS,voicefunctionassessmentandmolecularbiologicalmechanismofheadandneckcancer.Thebasicandclinicalresearchofhumanpapillomavirus-relatedheadandnecktumorwasfirstlycarriedoutdomestically.

Departmentofotorhinolaryngologyhasundertakenmorethan30itemsoffoundations,including"9thFiveYearPlan"、"10thFiveyearPlan"、"11thFiveYearPlan","12thFiveYearPlan","973",NaturalScienceFoundationofChina，BeijingMunicipalNaturalScienceFoundation.About150paperswerepublished,including40SCIpapers.26patentswereauthorized,andanumberofENTprofessionalbookswerepublished.Ourdepartmenthasalwaysattachedimportancetopersonneltrainingandteachingwork.Wecreatedadevoted，honest，knowledgeableteamthroughwaysofrecruitment,training,cooperation,invitingvisitingprofessors.Theteachingteamwasinchargeofgivinglecturestoundergraduatesofeight-yearprogram,clinicalpostdoctoraltraining,graduateandtrainingphysiciantraining,residentstandardizedtraining,allstafftraining,continuingmedicaleducation,professionalbookswritingandediting,specializedquestionlibraryconstruction,theimplementationofnationalcontinuingeducationprojectandcollegeteachingreformprojectsandotheraspectsofworks.In2011,ourdepartmentwasauthorizedtheNationalKeyClinicalSpecialtiesandithasbeenthetopfourofthebestspecialistsrankingevaluatedbyHospitalManagementInstituteofFudanUniversity.OtorhinolaryngologyDepartmentofPUMCHhasbeenprovidinghighstandardhealthcareservicesforpatients,andcultivatingandtransportingalargenumberofqualifieddoctorstonationwidehospitals.